(Mandarin_(China)_MFA_dictionary_v2_0_0a)= # Mandarin (China) MFA dictionary v2.0.0a ``````{dictionary} Mandarin (China) MFA dictionary v2.0.0a :id: "Mandarin (China) MFA dictionary v2_0_0a" :tags: Mandarin;MFA;IPA :language: "Mandarin" :dialect: China :layout: mfa :template: dictionary_template :phoneset: "MFA" :license: "CC BY 4.0" ```{include} ../../../../dictionary/mandarin/china_mfa/v2.0.0a/README.md :start-after: "## Dictionary details" :end-before: "## Installation" ``` `````` ```{include} ../../../../dictionary/mandarin/china_mfa/v2.0.0a/README.md :start-after: "new)." ``` ## IPA Charts ### Consonants Obstruent symbols to the left of {fas}`circle;ipa-dot` are unvoiced and those to the right are voiced. ``````{list-table} :header-rows: 1 :stub-columns: 1 :class: consonant_chart table-striped table-bordered * - Manner - Labial - Labiodental - Alveolar - Retroflex - Palatal - Velar - Glottal * - {manner}`Nasal` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * m * Occurrences: 14685 * Examples * 接骨木: [t ɕ j e ˥ ˥ k u ˨ ˩ ˦ m u ˥ ˩] * 吉列尔莫: [t ɕ i ˧ ˥ l j e ˥ ˩ ʔ o ˨ ˩ ˦ ɻ m w o ˥ ˩] * 二人民: [ʔ o ˥ ˩ ɻ ʐ ə ˧ ˥ n m i ˧ ˥ n] * 凯勒曼: [k ʰ a j ˨ ˩ ˦ l o ˥ ˩ m a ˥ ˩ n] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * n * Occurrences: 83565 * Examples * 氢氟酸: [t ɕ ʰ i ˥ ˥ ŋ f u ˧ ˥ s w a ˥ ˥ n] * 张缵辞: [ʈ ʂ a ˥ ˥ ŋ t s w a ˨ ˩ ˦ n t s ʰ z ̩ ˧ ˥] * 裸体美女: [l w o ˨ ˩ ˦ t ʰ i ˨ ˩ ˦ m e j ˨ ˩ ˦ n y ˨ ˩ ˦] * 米沙鄢: [m i ˨ ˩ ˦ ʂ a ˥ ˥ j e ˥ ˥ n] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ŋ * Occurrences: 65312 * Examples * 脐带绕颈: [t ɕ ʰ i ˧ ˥ t a j ˥ ˩ ʐ a w ˥ ˩ t ɕ i ˨ ˩ ˦ ŋ] * 兴趣爱好: [ɕ i ˥ ˩ ŋ t ɕ ʰ y ˥ ˩ ʔ a j ˥ ˩ x a w ˥ ˩] * 限定版: [ɕ j e ˥ ˩ n t i ˥ ˩ ŋ p a ˨ ˩ ˦ n] * 王龙龙: [w a ˧ ˥ ŋ l u ˧ ˥ ŋ l u ˧ ˥ ŋ] * ŋ̍ * Occurrences: 3 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Stop` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * p * Occurrences: 19842 * Examples * 霍拉布伦: [x w o ˥ ˩ l a ˥ ˥ p u ˥ ˩ l w ə ˧ ˥ n] * 波本威士忌: [p w o ˥ ˥ p ə ˨ ˩ ˦ n w e j ˥ ˥ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˥ ˩ t ɕ i ˥ ˩] * 贝森路: [p e j ˥ ˩ s ə ˥ ˥ n l u ˥ ˩] * 格勒诺布尔: [k o ˧ ˥ l o ˥ ˩ n w o ˥ ˩ p u ˥ ˩ ʔ o ˨ ˩ ˦ ɻ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * t * Occurrences: 23089 * Examples * 机械唯物论: [t ɕ i ˥ ˥ ɕ j e ˥ ˩ w e j ˧ ˥ u ˥ ˩ l w ə ˥ ˩ n] * 德才兼备: [t o ˧ ˥ t s ʰ a j ˧ ˥ t ɕ j e ˥ ˥ n p e j ˥ ˩] * 可穿戴式: [k ʰ o ˨ ˩ ˦ ʈ ʂ ʰ w a ˥ ˥ n t a j ˥ ˩ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˥ ˩] * 圣热内德: [ʂ o ˥ ˩ ŋ ʐ o ˥ ˩ n e j ˥ ˩ t o ˧ ˥] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * k * Occurrences: 16386 * Examples * 圣克莱: [ʂ o ˥ ˩ ŋ k ʰ o ˥ ˩ l a j ˧ ˥] * 共鸣音: [k u ˥ ˩ ŋ m i ˧ ˥ ŋ i ˥ ˥ n] * 回头客: [x w e j ˧ ˥ t ʰ o w ˧ ˥ k ʰ o ˥ ˩] * 关节痛: [k w a ˥ ˥ n t ɕ j e ˧ ˥ t ʰ u ˥ ˩ ŋ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * ʔ * Occurrences: 9944 * Examples * 康瓦尔一词: [k ʰ a ˥ ˥ ŋ w a ˨ ˩ ˦ ʔ o ˨ ˩ ˦ ɻ i ˥ ˥ t s ʰ z ̩ ˧ ˥] * 凹凸性: [ʔ a w ˥ ˥ t ʰ u ˥ ˥ ɕ i ˥ ˩ ŋ] * 二十种: [ʔ o ˥ ˩ ɻ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˧ ˥ ʈ ʂ u ˨ ˩ ˦ ŋ] * 马斯基埃: [m a ˨ ˩ ˦ s z ̩ ˥ ˥ t ɕ i ˥ ˥ ʔ a j ˥ ˥] ``` * - {manner}`Affricate` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * ts * Occurrences: 9249 * Examples * 奉子成婚: [f o ˥ ˩ ŋ t s z ̩ ˨ ˩ ˦ ʈ ʂ ʰ o ˧ ˥ ŋ x w ə ˥ ˥ n] * 巨乌贼: [t ɕ y ˥ ˩ u ˥ ˥ t s e j ˧ ˥] * 椰子糖: [j e ˥ ˥ t s z ̩ ˨ t ʰ a ˧ ˥ ŋ] * 原住民族: [ɥ e ˧ ˥ n ʈ ʂ u ˥ ˩ m i ˧ ˥ n t s u ˧ ˥] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * ʈʂ * Occurrences: 20399 * Examples * 沉没成本: [ʈ ʂ ʰ ə ˧ ˥ n m w o ˥ ˩ ʈ ʂ ʰ o ˧ ˥ ŋ p ə ˨ ˩ ˦ n] * 指派性别: [ʈ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˨ ˩ ˦ p ʰ a j ˥ ˩ ɕ i ˥ ˩ ŋ p j e ˧ ˥] * 赤水市: [ʈ ʂ ʰ ʐ ̩ ˥ ˩ ʂ w e j ˨ ˩ ˦ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˥ ˩] * 陆朝安人: [l u ˥ ˩ ʈ ʂ ʰ a w ˧ ˥ ʔ a ˥ ˥ n ʐ ə ˧ ˥ n] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * tɕ * Occurrences: 26412 * Examples * 加拿大籍: [t ɕ j a ˥ ˥ n a ˧ ˥ t a ˥ ˩ t ɕ i ˧ ˥] * 军中从事: [t ɕ y ˥ ˥ n ʈ ʂ u ˥ ˥ ŋ t s ʰ u ˧ ˥ ŋ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˥ ˩] * 教士队: [t ɕ j a w ˥ ˩ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˥ ˩ t w e j ˥ ˩] * 工商业界: [k u ˥ ˥ ŋ ʂ a ˥ ˥ ŋ j e ˥ ˩ t ɕ j e ˥ ˩] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Sibilant` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * s * Occurrences: 11751 * Examples * 座囊菌: [t s w o ˥ ˩ n a ˧ ˥ ŋ t ɕ y ˥ ˥ n] * 苏宏杰: [s u ˥ ˥ x u ˧ ˥ ŋ t ɕ j e ˧ ˥] * 第三张: [t i ˥ ˩ s a ˥ ˥ n ʈ ʂ a ˥ ˥ ŋ] * 大汉族主义: [t a ˥ ˩ x a ˥ ˩ n t s u ˧ ˥ ʈ ʂ u ˨ ˩ ˦ i ˥ ˩] * voiced * z * Occurrences: 0 * Examples * 四氯化碳: [s z ̩ ˥ ˩ l y ˥ ˩ x w a ˥ ˩ t ʰ a ˥ ˩ n] * 五四路: [u ˨ ˩ ˦ s z ̩ ˥ ˩ l u ˥ ˩] * 一九四七: [i ˥ ˥ t ɕ j o w ˨ ˩ ˦ s z ̩ ˥ ˩ t ɕ ʰ i ˥ ˥] * 肚子疼: [t u ˥ ˩ t s z ̩ ˩ t ʰ o ˧ ˥ ŋ] * z̩ * Occurrences: 8954 * Examples * 四十八: [s z ̩ ˥ ˩ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˧ ˥ p a ˥ ˥] * 有会子: [j o w ˨ ˩ ˦ x w e j ˨ ˩ ˦ t s z ̩ ˦] * 不定冠词: [p u ˥ ˩ t i ˥ ˩ ŋ k w a ˥ ˩ n t s ʰ z ̩ ˧ ˥] * 补助词: [p u ˨ ˩ ˦ ʈ ʂ u ˥ ˩ t s ʰ z ̩ ˧ ˥] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * ʂ * Occurrences: 25877 * Examples * 鹤成鸟: [x o ˥ ˩ ʈ ʂ ʰ o ˧ ˥ ŋ n j a w ˨ ˩ ˦] * 扎莫希奇: [ʈ ʂ a ˥ ˥ m w o ˥ ˩ ɕ i ˥ ˥ t ɕ ʰ i ˧ ˥] * 苏州话: [s u ˥ ˥ ʈ ʂ o w ˥ ˥ x w a ˥ ˩] * 上不网: [ʂ a ˥ ˩ ŋ p u ˥ ˩ w a ˨ ˩ ˦ ŋ] * voiced * ʐ * Occurrences: 5760 * Examples * 五百八十二: [u ˨ ˩ ˦ p a j ˨ ˩ ˦ p a ˥ ˥ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˧ ˥ ʔ o ˥ ˩ ɻ] * 张瑞芬: [ʈ ʂ a ˥ ˥ ŋ ʐ w e j ˥ ˩ f ə ˥ ˥ n] * 第七十: [t i ˥ ˩ t ɕ ʰ i ˥ ˥ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˧ ˥] * 注意事项: [ʈ ʂ u ˥ ˩ i ˥ ˩ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˥ ˩ ɕ j a ˥ ˩ ŋ] * ʐ̩ * Occurrences: 15221 * Examples * 指导科: [ʈ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˨ ˩ ˦ t a w ˨ ˩ ˦ k ʰ o ˥ ˥] * 松江市: [s u ˥ ˥ ŋ t ɕ j a ˥ ˥ ŋ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˥ ˩] * 麻醉师: [m a ˧ ˥ t s w e j ˥ ˩ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˥ ˥] * 蒂尔施内克: [t i ˥ ˩ ʔ o ˨ ˩ ˦ ɻ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˥ ˥ n e j ˥ ˩ k ʰ o ˥ ˩] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * ɕ * Occurrences: 23534 * Examples * 公家庙: [k u ˥ ˥ ŋ t ɕ j a ˥ ˥ m j a w ˥ ˩] * 最低价: [t s w e j ˥ ˩ t i ˥ ˥ t ɕ j a ˥ ˩] * 接电话: [t ɕ j e ˥ ˥ t j e ˥ ˩ n x w a ˥ ˩] * 勒谢拉尔: [l o ˥ ˩ ɕ j e ˥ ˩ l a ˥ ˥ ʔ o ˨ ˩ ˦] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Fricative` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * f * Occurrences: 12061 * Examples * 犯错误: [f a ˥ ˩ n t s ʰ w o ˥ ˩ u ˥ ˩] * 阿尔法: [ʔ a ˥ ˥ ʔ o ˨ ˩ ˦ ɻ f a ˨ ˩ ˦] * 三八妇女节: [s a ˥ ˥ n p a ˥ ˥ f u ˥ ˩ n y ˨ ˩ ˦ t ɕ j e ˧ ˥] * 翻跟头: [f a ˥ ˥ n k ə ˥ ˥ n t ʰ o w ˨] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Approximant` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * w * Occurrences: 47672 * Examples * 反作用力: [f a ˨ ˩ ˦ n t s w o ˥ ˩ j u ˥ ˩ ŋ l i ˥ ˩] * 循声望去: [ɕ y ˧ ˥ n ʂ o ˥ ˥ ŋ w a ˥ ˩ ŋ t ɕ ʰ y ˥ ˩] * 欧洲人: [ʔ o w ˥ ˥ ʈ ʂ o w ˥ ˥ ʐ ə ˧ ˥ n] * 有法可依: [j o w ˨ ˩ ˦ f a ˨ ˩ ˦ k ʰ o ˨ ˩ ˦ i ˥ ˥] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ɻ * Occurrences: 4556 * Examples * 齐齐哈尔市: [t ɕ ʰ i ˧ ˥ t ɕ ʰ i ˧ ˥ x a ˥ ˥ ʔ o ˨ ˩ ˦ ɻ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˥ ˩] * 苏德尔堡: [s u ˥ ˥ t o ˧ ˥ ʔ o ˨ ˩ ˦ ɻ p a w ˨ ˩ ˦] * 埃尔南德斯: [ʔ a j ˥ ˥ ʔ o ˨ ˩ ˦ ɻ n a ˧ ˥ n t o ˧ ˥ s z ̩ ˥ ˥] * 奥费尔格: [ʔ a w ˥ ˩ f e j ˥ ˩ ʔ o ˨ ˩ ˦ ɻ k o ˧ ˥] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * j * Occurrences: 56334 * Examples * 维修点: [w e j ˧ ˥ ɕ j o w ˥ ˥ t j e ˨ ˩ ˦ n] * 请假条: [t ɕ ʰ i ˨ ˩ ˦ ŋ t ɕ j a ˥ ˩ t ʰ j a w ˧ ˥] * 黑石头: [x e j ˥ ˥ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˧ ˥ t ʰ o w ˨] * 黄嘌呤: [x w a ˧ ˥ ŋ p ʰ j a w ˥ ˩ l i ˥ ˩ ŋ] * ɥ * Occurrences: 8518 * Examples * 确认书: [t ɕ ʰ ɥ e ˥ ˩ ʐ ə ˥ ˩ n ʂ u ˥ ˥] * 商学院: [ʂ a ˥ ˥ ŋ ɕ ɥ e ˧ ˥ ɥ e ˥ ˩ n] * 齐宣王: [t ɕ ʰ i ˧ ˥ ɕ ɥ e ˥ ˥ n w a ˧ ˥ ŋ] * 翰林院: [x a ˥ ˩ n l i ˧ ˥ n ɥ e ˥ ˩ n] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Lateral` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * l * Occurrences: 27138 * Examples * 留守司: [l j o w ˧ ˥ ʂ o w ˨ ˩ ˦ s z ̩ ˥ ˥] * 职业联赛: [ʈ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˧ ˥ j e ˥ ˩ l j e ˧ ˥ n s a j ˥ ˩] * 流浮山: [l j o w ˧ ˥ f u ˧ ˥ ʂ a ˥ ˥ n] * 芦草坡: [l u ˧ ˥ t s ʰ a w ˨ ˩ ˦ p ʰ w o ˥ ˥] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` `````` ### Vowels Vowel symbols to the left of {fas}`circle;ipa-dot` are unrounded and those to the right are rounded. ``````{list-table} :header-rows: 1 :stub-columns: 1 :class: vowel_chart table-striped table-bordered * - - Front - Near-Front - Central - Near-Back - Back * - Close - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * i * Occurrences: 58970 * Examples * 请说出: [t ɕ ʰ i ˨ ˩ ˦ ŋ ʂ w o ˥ ˥ ʈ ʂ ʰ u ˥ ˥] * 热土地: [ʐ o ˥ ˩ t ʰ u ˨ ˩ ˦ t i ˦] * 记不起来: [t ɕ i ˥ ˩ p u ˥ ˩ t ɕ ʰ i ˩ l a j ˩] * 西兰岛: [ɕ i ˥ ˥ l a ˧ ˥ n t a w ˨ ˩ ˦] * rounded * y * Occurrences: 11975 * Examples * 选举史: [ɕ ɥ e ˨ ˩ ˦ n t ɕ y ˨ ˩ ˦ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˨ ˩ ˦] * 猴屿乡: [x o w ˧ ˥ y ˨ ˩ ˦ ɕ j a ˥ ˥ ŋ] * 军事法院: [t ɕ y ˥ ˥ n ʂ ʐ ̩ ˥ ˩ f a ˨ ˩ ˦ ɥ e ˥ ˩ n] * 外甥女婿: [w a j ˥ ˩ ʂ o ˩ ŋ n y ˨ ˩ ˦ ɕ y ˦] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * rounded * u * Occurrences: 46526 * Examples * 五坡岭: [u ˨ ˩ ˦ p ʰ w o ˥ ˥ l i ˨ ˩ ˦ ŋ] * 水浒传: [ʂ w e j ˨ ˩ ˦ x u ˨ ˩ ˦ ʈ ʂ w a ˥ ˩ n] * 小拇指: [ɕ j a w ˨ ˩ ˦ m u ˩ ʈ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˨ ˩ ˦] * 有恃无恐: [j o w ˨ ˩ ˦ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˥ ˩ u ˧ ˥ k ʰ u ˨ ˩ ˦ ŋ] ``` * - - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - Close-Mid - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * e * Occurrences: 33380 * Examples * 老爷子: [l a w ˨ ˩ ˦ j e ˦ t s z ̩ ˨ ˩ ˦] * 佳兆业: [t ɕ j a ˥ ˥ ʈ ʂ a w ˥ ˩ j e ˥ ˩] * 墨竹工卡县: [m w o ˥ ˩ ʈ ʂ u ˧ ˥ k u ˥ ˥ ŋ k ʰ a ˨ ˩ ˦ ɕ j e ˥ ˩ n] * 犬儒主义: [t ɕ ʰ ɥ e ˨ ˩ ˦ n ʐ u ˧ ˥ ʈ ʂ u ˨ ˩ ˦ i ˥ ˩] * ej * Occurrences: 17454 * Examples * 悬壅垂: [ɕ ɥ e ˧ ˥ n j u ˥ ˥ ŋ ʈ ʂ ʰ w e j ˧ ˥] * 哥哥妹妹: [k o ˥ ˥ k o ˥ ˥ m e j ˥ ˩ m e j ˩] * 大内氏: [t a ˥ ˩ n e j ˥ ˩ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˥ ˩] * 维也纳: [w e j ˧ ˥ j e ˨ ˩ ˦ n a ˥ ˩] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * rounded * o * Occurrences: 47652 * Examples * 约定俗成: [ɥ e ˥ ˥ t i ˥ ˩ ŋ s u ˧ ˥ ʈ ʂ ʰ o ˧ ˥ ŋ] * 没见过世面: [m e j ˧ ˥ t ɕ j e ˥ ˩ n k w o ˩ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˥ ˩ m j e ˥ ˩ n] * 咬耳朵: [j a w ˨ ˩ ˦ ʔ o ˨ ˩ ˦ ɻ t w o ˦] * 怕老婆: [p ʰ a ˥ ˩ l a w ˨ ˩ ˦ p ʰ w o ˦] * ow * Occurrences: 15663 * Examples * 刘家良: [l j o w ˧ ˥ t ɕ j a ˥ ˥ l j a ˧ ˥ ŋ] * 后头湾: [x o w ˥ ˩ t ʰ o w ˩ w a ˥ ˥ n] * 木头村: [m u ˥ ˩ t ʰ o w ˩ t s ʰ w ə ˥ ˥ n] * 熘冰场: [l j o w ˥ ˥ p i ˥ ˥ ŋ ʈ ʂ ʰ a ˧ ˥ ŋ] ``` * - - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ə * Occurrences: 15745 * Examples * 洛神花: [l w o ˥ ˩ ʂ ə ˧ ˥ n x w a ˥ ˥] * 志愿者们: [ʈ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˥ ˩ ɥ e ˥ ˩ n ʈ ʂ o ˨ ˩ ˦ m ə ˦ n] * 博士论文: [p w o ˧ ˥ ʂ ʐ ̩ ˥ ˩ l w ə ˥ ˩ n w ə ˧ ˥ n] * 查本机: [ʈ ʂ ʰ a ˧ ˥ p ə ˨ ˩ ˦ n t ɕ i ˥ ˥] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - Open-Mid - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - Open - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * a * Occurrences: 75953 * Examples * 早上好: [t s a w ˨ ˩ ˦ ʂ a ˦ ŋ x a w ˨ ˩ ˦] * 空间站: [k ʰ u ˥ ˥ ŋ t ɕ j e ˥ ˥ n ʈ ʂ a ˥ ˩ n] * 哪里话: [n a ˨ ˩ ˦ l i ˨ ˩ ˦ x w a ˥ ˩] * 埃托瓦县: [ʔ a j ˥ ˥ t ʰ w o ˥ ˥ w a ˨ ˩ ˦ ɕ j e ˥ ˩ n] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` `````` #### Diphthongs * {ipa_inline}`aj` * {ipa_inline}`aw` * {ipa_inline}`ej` * {ipa_inline}`ow` #### Tones * {ipa_inline}`˥˥` * {ipa_inline}`˥˩` * {ipa_inline}`˦` * {ipa_inline}`˧˥` * {ipa_inline}`˨` * {ipa_inline}`˨˩˦` * {ipa_inline}`˩`